52 terms · English & BM

AI words in plain language.

AI terms in plain words. Search, browse by letter, or test yourself with flashcards.

A4

AI (artificial intelligence)Bahasa Melayu: AI (kecerdasan buatan): Computer software that can do tasks that normally need human thinking, such as writing, summarising or answering questions.
AI agentBahasa Melayu: Ejen AI: An AI that does a multi-step job for you (planning, opening files, using tools and checking its work) instead of only replying once.Used in The AIM method Named-method prompting The Chris Sanders method
Analytic rubricBahasa Melayu: Rubrik analitik: A rubric that scores each criterion separately.Used in The AIM method AI for lecturers
API: A way for software to talk to an AI directly, without the chat app. Developers use it to build AI into their own systems.Used in The AIM method How to prompt Claude Opus 5.5 How to prompt Claude Sonnet 5.5

B2

Bloom's taxonomyBahasa Melayu: Taksonomi Bloom: A ladder of thinking skills, from remembering to creating.Used in Psychomotor verbs AI for lecturers
BriefBahasa Melayu: Taklimat: The full instructions for one job, like a job sheet for new staff.Used in How to brief an AI agent

C10

Calibrated questionBahasa Melayu: Soalan terkalibrasi: An open "what" or "how" question that invites help solving the problem.Used in The Chris Voss method for AI
Chatbot: An AI you talk to in a chat window. You ask, it answers, and you decide what to do next.Used in The AIM method How to brief an AI agent
CheckpointBahasa Melayu: Titik semakan: A planned pause where the AI shows its work and waits for your OK.Used in The AIM method Named-method prompting The Chris Voss method for AI
CLO (course learning outcome)Bahasa Melayu: CLO (hasil pembelajaran kursus): A statement of what a student will be able to do after a course, starting with a measurable verb such as "construct" or "analyse".Used in The AIM method Psychomotor verbs How to brief an AI agent
CodebookBahasa Melayu: Buku kod: Your list of labels and meanings for tagging interview text.Used in AI for research
Confidence levelBahasa Melayu: Tahap keyakinan: Saying how sure you are (low, moderate, high).Used in The Chris Sanders method
Constructive alignmentBahasa Melayu: Penjajaran konstruktif: Outcome, teaching and assessment all aim at the same skill.Used in AI for lecturers
Context windowBahasa Melayu: Tetingkap konteks: How much text an AI can keep in mind at once: your instructions, the files you share and the conversation so far.Used in How to prompt Claude Opus 5.5 How to prompt Claude Sonnet 5.5 How to prompt Claude Fable 5.1
CQI (continuous quality improvement)Bahasa Melayu: CQI (penambahbaikan kualiti berterusan): Recording what you will improve next time, based on results.Used in AI for lecturers
CSV fileBahasa Melayu: Fail CSV: A simple spreadsheet file Excel or Google Sheets can open.Used in The AIM method

D2

Diagnostic InquiryBahasa Melayu: Diagnostic Inquiry (Inkuiri Diagnostik): Sanders' loop: observe, question, guess, test, conclude.Used in Named-method prompting The Chris Sanders method
DOI: A permanent ID that finds the real journal article.Used in AI for research

E2

Effort / reasoning effortBahasa Melayu: Effort (tahap usaha): A setting that tells the AI how hard to think before answering. Higher effort is slower and costs more, but helps with difficult work.Used in How to prompt Claude Opus 5.5 How to prompt Claude Sonnet 5.5 How to prompt GPT-6 Astra
Examples (few-shot)Bahasa Melayu: Contoh (few-shot): Showing the AI one to five samples of the result you want, so it can copy the style and format.Used in How to prompt Claude Opus 5.5 How to prompt GPT-6 Astra How to prompt GPT-6.1 Sol

H2

HallucinationBahasa Melayu: Halusinasi: When an AI states something false with confidence, for example inventing a journal article that does not exist.Used in Named-method prompting AI for research How to prompt GPT-6 Astra
HypothesisBahasa Melayu: Hipotesis: A best guess you can test, such as "the defects rose because of the new supplier".Used in The Chris Sanders method

J1

JSON: A tidy machine-readable text format apps can load.Used in How to prompt Claude Sonnet 5.5 How to prompt Claude Haiku 5.5

K1

Knowledge cutoffBahasa Melayu: Tarikh had pengetahuan: The date after which the AI learned nothing new.Used in How to prompt Claude Opus 5.5 How to prompt Claude Sonnet 5.5 How to prompt GPT-6 Astra

L3

Label (Voss): Naming what you notice: "It seems like…".Used in The Chris Voss method for AI
Large language model (LLM)Bahasa Melayu: Model bahasa besar (LLM): The engine behind tools like ChatGPT and Claude. It has read a huge amount of text and predicts useful words in reply to yours.Used in Named-method prompting
LatencyBahasa Melayu: Kependaman: How long you wait for the AI to start or finish answering.

M5

Markdown: Simple symbols (#, *, -) the AI uses for headings and bullets.Used in How to prompt GPT-6 Astra How to prompt GPT-6.1 Sol How to prompt Claude Fable 5.1
Mirror (Voss)Bahasa Melayu: Pencerminan (Voss): Repeating someone's last key words as a question.Used in The Chris Voss method for AI
Model: A specific version of an AI, such as Claude Opus 5.5 or GPT-6 Astra. Different models trade speed, cost and ability.Used in How to prompt Claude Opus 5.5 How to prompt Claude Sonnet 5.5 How to prompt GPT-6 Astra
ModerationBahasa Melayu: Moderasi: A colleague checks your marking for fairness and consistency.Used in AI for lecturers
MQA: The Malaysian Qualifications Agency, which accredits higher-education programmes in Malaysia.Used in Psychomotor verbs AI for lecturers

N2

Named methodBahasa Melayu: Kaedah bernama: A well-known way of working called up by name, such as "the five whys".Used in Named-method prompting
Null hypothesisBahasa Melayu: Hipotesis nol: The possibility that nothing unusual happened: the boring explanation you must rule out first.Used in The Chris Sanders method

O1

OBE (outcome-based education)Bahasa Melayu: OBE (pendidikan berasaskan hasil): The approach used in Malaysian higher education where courses are designed around what students should be able to do at the end.Used in The AIM method Psychomotor verbs How to brief an AI agent

P7

PDPA 2010: Malaysia's Personal Data Protection Act 2010 covers personal data (such as names and IC numbers) in commercial activities; public bodies follow their own rules, so also check your institution's policy.Used in The AIM method The Chris Voss method for AI How to brief an AI agent
PLO (programme learning outcome)Bahasa Melayu: PLO (hasil pembelajaran program): What graduates of the whole programme should be able to do.Used in AI for lecturers
PrefillBahasa Melayu: Prefill (isian awal): Writing the first words of the AI's answer for it; no longer works.Used in How to prompt Claude Opus 5.5 How to prompt Claude Sonnet 5.5
PRISMA 2020: An international checklist for reporting how review studies were found and chosen.Used in AI for research
Prompt: The message or instructions you type to an AI. A better prompt usually means a better answer.Used in The AIM method The Chris Sanders method
Prompt injectionBahasa Melayu: Suntikan prompt: Hidden instructions inside a document or web page that try to trick an AI into doing something you did not ask for.Used in How to brief an AI agent How to prompt Claude Opus 5.5
Psychomotor (domain)Bahasa Melayu: Psikomotor (domain): Outcomes about doing things with hands or body.Used in Psychomotor verbs

R1

RubricBahasa Melayu: Rubrik: A marking guide that lists the criteria and describes what each level of performance looks like.Used in The AIM method Psychomotor verbs AI for lecturers

S5

SLT (student learning time)Bahasa Melayu: SLT (masa pembelajaran pelajar): Total hours a student is expected to spend on a course.Used in AI for lecturers
SOP (standard operating procedure)Bahasa Melayu: SOP (prosedur operasi standard): A step-by-step instruction sheet for a routine job.Used in Psychomotor verbs
Sub-agentBahasa Melayu: Sub-ejen: A helper agent that a main agent sends off to do one part of a bigger job, like a team member given one task.Used in How to prompt Claude Sonnet 5.5 How to prompt Claude Haiku 5.5
System promptBahasa Melayu: Prompt sistem: Standing instructions set up before the conversation starts, such as "always answer in Bahasa Melayu". They apply to every reply.Used in The AIM method Named-method prompting The Chris Sanders method
Systematic reviewBahasa Melayu: Sorotan sistematik: A literature review that follows fixed, reported search rules.Used in AI for research

T3

Thinking (reasoning)Bahasa Melayu: Berfikir (penaakulan): Private working-out the AI does before it replies, a bit like rough notes before a final answer.Used in How to prompt Claude Opus 5.5 How to prompt Claude Sonnet 5.5 How to prompt Claude Fable 5.1
Token: The small chunks of text an AI reads and writes: roughly half to three-quarters of an English word, depending on the model. Pricing and limits are counted in tokens.Used in How to prompt Claude Opus 5.5 How to prompt Claude Sonnet 5.5 How to prompt Claude Fable 5.1
Tool (tool use)Bahasa Melayu: Alat (penggunaan alat): An extra ability an AI can switch on, such as searching the web, reading a file or running a calculation.Used in How to brief an AI agent

X1

XML tagsBahasa Melayu: Tag XML: Labels in angle brackets, like <notes> … </notes>, that wrap parts of your prompt so the AI can tell instructions from material.Used in How to prompt Claude Opus 5.5 How to prompt GPT-6 Astra